点评:Originally built in 1225 the Basel Minster required rebuilding after the 1356 earthquake. The red sandstone exterior gives a different look to many other churches. The inside has lighter colours and has very few statues, carvings or art. Most of the stained glass windows date from the 1950s. This makes the church look uncluttered but there are structural elements of interest such as many of the arches using alternating colours.
The 9th to 11th century crypt is well worth visiting. It has two main sections. The Eastern/Choir crypt has a hall, passageways and alcoves and contains tombs as well as murals. The Crossing Crypt had been demolished but then was excavated in the 1970s. It contains ruined foundations and an engaging light and sound show detailing the history of the church. There are two doors leading to the Crossing Crypt but I think only one opens - it took me a bit to work out how to get there.
Double cloisters were added in the 15th century. I quite enjoyed this area with green central garden, multi-coloured tiled roofs, multiple arches, late-Gothic tracery and its many displays of grave slabs and wall memorials.
The church and crypt is located on the Müensterplatz over a hill overlooking the Rhine. They are free to enter. Only the tower requires payment.
翻译:巴塞尔大教堂始建于1225年,后在1356年的地震中需要重建。其红色砂岩外墙使它与众多其他教堂有着截然不同的外观。教堂内部色调较为淡雅,且几乎没有雕像、浮雕或艺术品。大部分彩绘玻璃窗都是20世纪50年代时安装的。这使得教堂看起来简洁清爽,不过也有一些值得细看的建筑特色,比如许多采用交替色彩的拱门。
始建于9至11世纪的地下墓室也极值得一逛。它有两个主要区域。东侧的唱诗班地窖内有大厅、通道和壁龛,里面还有坟墓及壁画。十字回廊地窖虽曾被拆除,但在20世纪70年代又重新发掘出来。那里有残破的地基,还有一场很有趣的光影音效表演,详细讲述了这座教堂的历史。有两扇门通向十字回廊地窖,不过我觉得只有一扇能打开——我费了些功夫才弄明白如何进入。
15世纪时,这里又增建了双层回廊。我非常喜欢这片区域:中心有翠绿的花园,屋顶铺着五颜六色的瓦片,还有许多拱门;这里的晚期哥特式窗格图案也别具特色,此外还有大量墓碑与墙上的纪念牌可供观赏。
教堂及地下墓室位于米恩斯特广场上,坐落在一座可以俯瞰莱茵河的山丘上。它们均免费开放参观,唯有塔楼需要购票方可进入。