One of the great ironies of the Civil War - McLean House (Appomattox) - McLean House - 270条旅客点评与比价

Taylor B

One of the great ironies of the Civil War

McLean House的点评

2026年06月25日发布于: 海外

点评：One of the great ironies of the Civil War involves a farmer named Wilmer McLean. In 1861, he owned a farm that served as Confederate General P.G.T. Beauregard's headquarters during the First Battle of Manassas or Bull Run, the first major battle of the Civil War. His house was damaged during the fighting so he decided to move his family to a secluded place called Appomattox, a distance of 162 miles to the West, where he thought he would be safe from further conflict. Imagine how he must have felt when the war ended up on his doorstep. Union officials, looking for a place to conduct the surrender ceremony, persuaded McLean to offer his parlor. On April 9, 1865, after Lee's last attempt failed to break through the Union line, Lee agreed to meet with Grant and surrender his Army of Northern Virginia, effectively ending the war. Afterward, the McLean house went through several trials and tribulations. In 1869, McLean defaulted on repayment of loans and the bank sold the house at public auction. It was proposed to dismantle the house and move it to Chicago as an exhibit at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition. A later option was to move the house to Washington DC and charge entrance fees. For 50 years, the house sat dismantled in piles and was prey to vandals and collectors. Finally, in 1949, 84 years after the historic Grant/Lee meeting, the McLean House was opened by the National Park Service for the first time to the public. At the dedication ceremony on April 16, 1950, after a speech by Pulitzer Prize winning historian Douglas Southall Freeman, author of the three-volume biography of R.E. Lee, Major General U.S. Grant and Robert E. Lee IV, direct descendants of Ulysses S. Grant and Robert E. Lee, cut the ceremonial ribbon. Yes, the building has been reconstructed but it provides an excellent representation of the original structure that hosted the surrender in 1865.

翻译：南北战争中最具讽刺意味的故事之一，就发生在一位名叫威尔默·麦克莱恩的农民身上。1861年，他拥有一座农场，在第一次马纳萨斯战役（又称布尔河战役）——南北战争的第一场重大战役——期间，这里成为了南方邦联将军P.G.T.博雷加德的指挥部。他的房子在战斗中受损，于是他决定带着家人搬到西边162英里外的阿波马托克斯，一个偏僻的地方，他认为在那里可以远离战火。可想而知，当战争最终蔓延到他家门口时，他该是何等的心情。联邦官员正在寻找举行投降仪式的场所，最终说服麦克莱恩提供他的客厅。1865年4月9日，在李将军最后一次突破联邦防线失败后，他同意与格兰特会面，并投降，正式结束了他的北弗吉尼亚军团。此后，麦克莱恩的房子经历了数次磨难。 1869年，麦克莱恩拖欠贷款，银行将房屋公开拍卖。有人提议将房屋拆解后运往芝加哥，作为1893年芝加哥世界博览会的展品。后来又有人提出将房屋迁至华盛顿特区，并收取门票。此后50年间，房屋被拆解成一堆堆，饱受破坏者和收藏家的觊觎。最终，在1949年，也就是格兰特/李历史性会晤84年后，麦克莱恩故居由国家公园管理局首次向公众开放。1950年4月16日，在落成典礼上，普利策奖得主、历史学家道格拉斯·索撒尔·弗里曼发表了讲话。弗里曼是三卷本《罗伯特·E·李传》的作者，该传的作者包括尤利西斯·S·格兰特和罗伯特·E·李的直系后裔——罗伯特·E·李、尤利西斯·S·格兰特少将和罗伯特·E·李四世。弗里曼随后剪彩。是的，这座建筑已经重建，但它很好地展现了 1865 年举行投降仪式的原始建筑。

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